Treatment of cellulosic textile materials



Patented Aug. 22, 1944 UNITED sT S PATENT TREATMENT CELLULOSIG TEXTILE MATERIALS James Hutchison MacGregor, Braintree, England,

assignor to Courtaulds Limited, London, England, a British compuy No Drawing. Application April 8, 1942, Serial No. 438,195. In Great Britain May 8, 1941 4 Claims; (01. 8-100 This invention relates to the, treatment of cellulosic textile materials and in particular to improving the afllnity of such materials for dyestuffs.

I have found that the aflinity of cellulosic material for such classes of dyestuffs as acid wool, direct cotton, chrome, sulphur and vat (including solubilised vat dyestuffs by which I mean sulphuric ester salts of the leuco vat dyestuffs) ,aqueous dispersions of insoluble aminoand hydroxy-azo compounds, and of insoluble aminoandacylaminoanthraquinones, is improved if the material is treated prior todyeing with a solution containing formaldehyde and a guanidine salt of a long chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid containing at least 6 carbon atoms in the chain, either as such or in the form of their watersoluble condensation product and the guanidine salt and formaldehyde or the soluble condensag tion product then converted into the insoluble condensation product for instance by heating.

When the formaldehyde and the guanidine salt of the long chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid are brought into contact in solution, they. tend to combine with one another to form a watersoluble condensation product and it is difiicult to say to what extent this combination has proceeded by the time it is desired to use the solution for impregnating the cellulosic material. It will, therefore, be seen that for the purposes of this invention it is equivalent whether I use the two compounds for the purposes of this invention in the uncombined state, or in the partly combined'state, or the state in which they are fully combined in the water-soluble condensation product. e

Examples of guanidine dicarboxylates which can -beused according to this invention are guanidine adipate and guanidine sebacate.

The advantages obtained according to the process of the present invention include the- The following examples will serve to illustrate how this invention may be carried out in practice, which however is not restricted to these examples. The percentage of dyestuffs and of other additions to the dyebath is based on the weight of fabric being dyed.

'E'xample 1 30 grams of guanidine adipate are dissolved in 160 cubic centimetres of 40 per cent formaldehyde and this solution diluted with distilled water to' one lit-re, the pH of the resulting solu- -tion being 6.4. A length of an all-viscose satin fabric is immersed in this solution and after saturation removed, squeezed evenly so that the fabric'retains from 90 to 110 per cent of its own weight of impregnating solution, dried at below 100 centigrade on a pin stenter frame, so that the fabric retains its original dimensions and finally. heated at 140 centigrade for 15 minutes.

The so-treated fabric gives full shades with the following acid wool dyestuffs Erio Fast Cyanine S (Geigy). This dyestuff is not referred to in the Colour'Index but is mentioned on page 33 of a booklet entitled Dyestuffs for W001 third edition, 1931, and'published by J. R. Geigy Soc. Anon., Basel, Switzerland.

Solway Ultra Blue BS (Imperial Chemical Industries). This dyestufl is not referred to in. the Colour Index but is mentioned in Imperial.

Chemical Industries Ltd. Patter Card Ref. No.

43/22/ 132 entitled Dyeings on Silk under Acid colours." I

Coomassi Violet RS (Colour Index 698) In each case dyeing is carried out in distilled water, with a liduorto fabric volume of 40 to 1, for three-quarters of an'hour at 95 centigrade with 1 per cent of dyestufi' and 2 per cent of formic acid. The light fastness of these dyeings is as good as that of similar dyeings obtained on wool. The untreated fabric has a poor aflinity for these dyestuffs.

Example 2 A length of all-viscose satin fabric is treated as described in Example 1 and then dyed "a full shade of red with 1 per cent Diphenyl Fast Red 'ZBL (Colour Index No. 278) by simply heatin at 90 centigrade for half an hour without salt in the bath, using a liquor to fabric ratio of 40 to 1. At the end of this period the dyebath is completely exhausted.

The dyeing on the reated fabric has a much improved wash-fastness hile the light-fastness.

is as good as that possessed by a similar dyeing on untreated fabric.

Example 3 30 grams of guanidine sebacate are dissolved in 160 cubic centimetres'of 40 per cent formaldehyde and this solution diluted with distilled water to one litre and the pH of the resultin solution adjusted to 8.0. An all-viscose satin fabric is treated in this solution in a manner similar to that described in Example 1. The fabric is then dyed with 1 per cent Chlorantine Fast Blue 3GLL (Society of Chemical Industry in Basle), without the addition of salt. for half an hour at 90 centigrade and a. deep blue shade obtained. A liquor to fabric ratio of 40 to 1 is employed. The dyestufi Chlorantine Fast Blue 3 GLL is not referred to in the Colour Index but is referred to in the Journal of the Society of Dyers & Colourists, 1938, page 273. This dyestuif is also referred to in the Society of Chemical Industry in Basie, Patter Card Ref. No. 1511 Chlorantine Fast Colours on Viscose, on page 23.

Example 4 A length of art all-viscose satin fabric is treated in exactly the same manner as described in Example 3. The so-treated fabric is dyed in distilled water (liquor to fabric volume was 40 added before dyeing commences.

The dyeing is started at 60 centigrade, the

temperature raised to centigrade and dyeing continued at this temperature for 1 hours. A deep shade of blue is obtained.

What I- claim is:

l. The process of improving the dyeing afiinity of cellulosic material by treating such material prior to dyeing with a solution containing formaldehyde and a guanidine salt of a long chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid containing at least 6 carbon atoms in the chain and then heating the material to convert the formaldehyde and the guanidine salt into an insoluble condensation product.

2. The process of improving the dyeing aflinity of cellulosic material by treating such material prior to dyeing with a solution containing formaldehyde and a guanidine salt of a long chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid containing at least 6 carbon atoms in the chain, in the form of their water-soluble condensation product, and then heating the material to convert the watersoluble condensation product into an insoluble condensation product.

3. The process of improving the dyeing affinity of cellulosic material by treating such material prior to dyeing with a solution containing formaldehyde and guanidine adipa'te, and then heating the material to convert the formaldehyde and guanidine salt; into an insoluble condensation product.

4. The process of improving the dyeing afiinity of cellulosic material by treating such material prior to dyeing with a solution containing formaldehyde and guanidine sebacate, and then heating the material to convert the formaldehyde and guanidine salt into an insoluble condensation product.

JAS. H. MACGREGOR. 

